The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
The Indus Valley Civilization employed a highly standardized and precise system of weights and measures to regulate exchanges and trade across its vast geographical extent.
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The weights used by the Harappans were usually made of a specific type of stone called chert. They were manufactured with great precision, reflecting a centralized control or a uniform standard of metrology.
- Statement 2 is Correct: While the weights were generally cubical in shape, they typically had no markings. The system of counting was binary for lower denominations (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc.) and followed the decimal system for higher denominations, but the physical weights themselves were usually devoid of value inscriptions.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Metal scale-pans were not unknown to the Harappans. Archaeologists have discovered scale-pans made of copper and bronze at various sites, including Mohenjodaro and Lothal, indicating their use in weighing goods.
Key Takeaway: Harappan weights were made of chert, were cubical in shape, and generally had no markings. The civilization utilized metal scale-pans for trade.