With reference to the factors controlling temperature, consider the following statements: 1. Places under the influence of cold air-masses experience higher temperatures. 2. Places situated at higher elevations record lower temperatures than places near sea level. 3. Places located on the coast where warm ocean currents flow record lower temperatures. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct option is 2 only Explanation The temperature distribution at any specific location on Earth is influenced by multiple geographical factors, including latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, air mass circulation, and ocean currents. These factors collectively determine the local thermal conditions. Statement-wise Analysis: - Statement 1 is Incorrect: The atmosphere is primarily heated indirectly by terrestrial radiation (heat radiated from the Earth's surface) rather than directly by incoming solar radiation. As a result, temperature decreases with increasing altitude. This phenomenon is known as the Normal Lapse Rate, where temperature drops by approximately 6.5°C for every 1,000 meters of ascent. - Statement 2 is Correct: Air masses transfer the thermal properties of their source regions to the areas they traverse. Places under the influence of cold air masses experience a decrease in temperature, while those under warm air masses experience an increase in temperature. - Statement 3 is Incorrect: Ocean currents significantly moderate coastal climates. Places located on coasts where warm ocean currents flow record higher temperatures because the warm water heats the overlying air. Conversely, cold ocean currents lower the temperature of adjacent coastal areas. Key Takeaway: Altitude shares an inverse relationship with temperature (Normal Lapse Rate). The thermal impact of air masses and ocean currents is direct: warm currents and air masses raise local temperatures, while cold currents and air masses lower them.

With reference to the factors… - NCERT Class 11 Geography MCQ

NCERT Class 11 Geography — Chapter 2: Solar radiation, heat balance and temperature

mcqeasy

With reference to the factors controlling temperature, consider the following statements:

Places under the influence of cold air-masses experience higher temperatures.
Places situated at higher elevations record lower temperatures than places near sea level.
Places located on the coast where warm ocean currents flow record lower temperatures.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

NCERT textbook question

From NCERT Fundamentals of Physical Geography · Page 4

Options

A2 only
B1, 2 and 3
C1 and 3 only
D1 only

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is

2 only

Explanation

The temperature distribution at any specific location on Earth is influenced by multiple geographical factors, including latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, air mass circulation, and ocean currents. These factors collectively determine the local thermal conditions.

Statement-wise Analysis:

Statement 1 is Incorrect: The atmosphere is primarily heated indirectly by terrestrial radiation (heat radiated from the Earth's surface) rather than directly by incoming solar radiation. As a result, temperature decreases with increasing altitude. This phenomenon is known as the Normal Lapse Rate, where temperature drops by approximately 6.5°C for every 1,000 meters of ascent.
Statement 2 is Correct: Air masses transfer the thermal properties of their source regions to the areas they traverse. Places under the influence of cold air masses experience a decrease in temperature, while those under warm air masses experience an increase in temperature.
Statement 3 is Incorrect: Ocean currents significantly moderate coastal climates. Places located on coasts where warm ocean currents flow record higher temperatures because the warm water heats the overlying air. Conversely, cold ocean currents lower the temperature of adjacent coastal areas.

Key Takeaway: Altitude shares an inverse relationship with temperature (Normal Lapse Rate). The thermal impact of air masses and ocean currents is direct: warm currents and air masses raise local temperatures, while cold currents and air masses lower them.

Your note

More from Chapter 2: Solar radiation, heat balance and temperature

Consider the following statements regarding the insolation received at the Earth's surface: 1. Generally, at the same latitude, insolation is more over the continent than over the oceans. 2. In winter, the middle and higher latitudes receive more radiation than in summer. 3. The subtropical deserts receive more insolation than the equator. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Which of the following is a characteristic of the isotherms in the Southern Hemisphere?

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With reference to the specific heat of land and water, consider the following statements: 1. The variation in temperature over the sea is much greater compared to land. 2. Land heats up and cools down more quickly than the sea. 3. Places near the sea experience extreme temperature variations. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Which of the following is defined as "the energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one Celsius"?

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In the context of the heat budget, what percentage of incoming solar radiation is reflected back to space before reaching the earth's surface?

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Keep practising Chapter 2: Solar radiation, heat balance and temperature

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