The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets extending throughout the cytoplasm. It is structurally classified into two types based on the presence of ribosomes on its surface.
Statement 1 is Correct
The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) appears "rough" under a microscope because it has particles called ribosomes attached to its surface. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis. The manufactured proteins are then sent to various places in the cell depending on need, using the ER.
Statement 2 is Incorrect
The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is primarily involved in the manufacture of fat molecules, or lipids, which are important for cell function. It is the RER, not the SER, that is primarily involved in the synthesis of proteins due to the presence of ribosomes.
Statement 3 is Correct
One of the critical functions of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is detoxification. In the liver cells of vertebrates, the SER plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs by modifying them into water-soluble substances that can be excreted.
Key Takeaway:
The fundamental distinction between the two types of ER is that RER possesses ribosomes and synthesizes proteins, whereas SER lacks ribosomes and is responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification.