The correct option is (c)
Explanation
The political system in China is characterized by a single-party rule under the Communist Party of China (CPC). The electoral structure is hierarchical, combining limited direct elections at the local level with indirect elections for higher bodies.
Statement 1 is Correct:
The National People’s Congress (NPC) is the highest organ of state power in China. According to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the NPC has the authority to elect the President and the Vice President of the country.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The members of the National People’s Congress are not directly elected by the citizens. China employs a system of indirect elections for its highest legislative body. Deputies to the NPC are elected by the people's congresses of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and by the armed forces. Direct elections by citizens are held only for local people's congresses at the county and township levels.
Statement 3 is Correct:
The electoral process is heavily influenced by the ruling party. Before contesting elections, candidates generally require the approval or endorsement of the Chinese Communist Party. While eight minor political parties exist, they operate under the leadership of the Communist Party, and the candidate selection process is vetted to ensure alignment with the party's principles.
Key Takeaway:
China follows a hierarchical electoral system where the National People's Congress is indirectly elected, and the political process is centrally controlled by the Chinese Communist Party, which vets all candidates.