With reference to the drainage system of Harappan cities, consider the following statements: 1. Roads and streets were laid out along an approximate…

The correct option is

1 only

Explanation

The Harappan civilization is renowned for its sophisticated urban planning, particularly its drainage systems and the orderly layout of its settlements. The planning suggests a high degree of standardization and centralized decision-making regarding civic infrastructure.

Statement-wise Analysis:

• Statement 1 is Correct: One of the most distinctive features of Harappan cities was the carefully planned layout. Roads and streets were laid out along an approximate "grid" pattern, intersecting at right angles, which divided the city into rectangular blocks.
• Statement 2 is Incorrect: Archaeological evidence suggests the opposite sequence. It appears that streets with drains were laid out first, and then houses were built along them. This sequence was essential because every house needed to connect its waste water outlet to the street drains. Consequently, the infrastructure lines determined the placement of the houses, not the other way around.

Key Takeaway:
In Harappan urban planning, the establishment of the street and drainage network preceded the construction of residential buildings to ensure efficient waste management and adherence to the grid system.