The correct option is (c) 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
Natural resources are materials found in nature that are useful to humans. Their availability and distribution are primarily determined by geological history and physical conditions of the earth, rather than human intervention.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The distribution of natural resources is highly uneven across the earth. This disparity arises because the geological structure, rock formations, and geomorphic processes vary significantly from one region to another.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The distribution of resources does not depend solely on the level of technological development. While technology plays a crucial role in the extraction and utilization of resources (converting neutral stuff into a resource), the actual physical presence and location of these resources are dictated by natural and geological factors.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Physical factors such as terrain, climate, and altitude are the primary determinants of resource distribution. For example, mineral deposits are often associated with specific types of terrain (e.g., plateaus are rich in minerals), and climatic conditions can influence the formation of certain resources like soil or biological resources.
Key Takeaway:
The distribution of natural resources is governed by physical factors (terrain, climate, altitude), whereas the development and utility of these resources depend on technology and human capital.