The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
Biosphere Reserves are extended areas of terrestrial or coastal ecosystems designated to promote the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable development. They are recognized under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
Statement 1 is Correct:
The Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve is located in the Maikal range of the Satpuras. It is an interstate reserve that spreads across the Anuppur and Dindori districts of Madhya Pradesh and the Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh. The topography is characterized by high hills and shallow valleys.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve was designated by the Government of India in 2005, not 1980. It was subsequently included in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2012. For context, the first Biosphere Reserve in India, the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, was established in 1986.
Key Takeaway:
The Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve is situated at the junction of the hill ranges of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh and was established in 2005.