The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
Rice is the staple food crop for a majority of the population in India. It is primarily a tropical crop that thrives in hot and humid climatic conditions. India is the second-largest producer of rice in the world after China.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Rice is a Kharif crop which requires high temperatures, specifically above 25°C, to ensure proper germination and growth. It is sensitive to low temperatures.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Rice requires high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. A dry climate with low humidity is not suitable for its vegetative growth, although dry weather is preferred during the ripening and harvesting period.
- Statement 3 is Correct: While rice is naturally suited to regions with high rainfall, it can be successfully cultivated in areas of lower rainfall through artificial water supply. In states like Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh, rice is grown extensively with the help of irrigation (canals and tubewells).
Key Takeaway: Rice is a water-intensive Kharif crop requiring high heat (above 25°C), high humidity, and substantial rainfall (above 100 cm) or assured irrigation.