Correct Option
The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
Crop variety improvement involves genetic approaches such as hybridisation and genetic modification to enhance yield, resistance, and adaptability of crops.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1: Correct. Hybridisation is defined as the crossing between genetically dissimilar plants to combine desirable traits from different parental lines.
- Statement 2: Incorrect. Intergeneric hybridisation involves crossing between plants belonging to two different genera, not merely different varieties of the same species.
- Statement 3: Correct. Genetically modified crops are developed by introducing a specific gene that confers a desired characteristic such as pest resistance or improved nutrition.
Key Takeaway: Hybridisation exploits genetic dissimilarity, while genetic modification introduces specific genes to achieve targeted crop improvements.