Correct Option
The correct option is Mahatma Gandhi.
Explanation
The relationship between religion and politics has been a significant subject of discourse in Indian political thought. Leaders held distinct views on whether politics should be guided by religious ethics or strictly separated from religious influence.
Detailed Analysis:
- Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi: Correct. Mahatma Gandhi is the proponent of the view that religion and politics cannot be separated. He stated, "Those who say that religion has nothing to do with politics do not know what religion means." However, by "religion," Gandhi did not refer to sectarianism or specific theological dogmas, but to universal moral values and ethical principles common to all religions. He believed that politics without the moral guidance of religion is a "death trap" that kills the soul.
- B.R. Ambedkar B.R. Ambedkar: Incorrect. Dr. Ambedkar was critical of the influence of traditional religious structures on society and politics, particularly regarding the caste system. He advocated for constitutional morality over religious morality in the political sphere.
- Jawaharlal Nehru Jawaharlal Nehru: Incorrect. Nehru was a staunch secularist who believed in the strict separation of religion from the state. He viewed the mixing of religion and politics as dangerous to the unity and modernization of the nation, advocating instead for a scientific temper.
- Jotiba Phule Jotiba Phule: Incorrect. Jyotirao Phule was a social reformer focused on eradicating caste discrimination and uplifting the marginalized. While he critiqued religious orthodoxy, the specific philosophical assertion regarding the inseparability of religion and politics is attributed to Gandhi.
Key Takeaway: Mahatma Gandhi viewed politics as a means of service guided by ethical and moral values derived from religion, asserting that politics bereft of these values leads to immorality.