Correct Option
The correct option is They work under the supervision of the State government but disciplinary action can only be taken by the Central government..
Explanation
The All India Services (IAS, IPS, and IFoS) function under a unique system of dual control mandated by the Constitution and relevant service rules. This structure ensures that while officers serve individual states, they maintain an all-India character and independence.
Option Analysis
- They work under the supervision of the State government but disciplinary action can only be taken by the Central government. is Correct: AIS officers function under the immediate control of the State government, which includes supervision, posting, and transfers within the state. However, the ultimate control-specifically the power to impose major penalties such as dismissal, removal, or reduction in rank-lies exclusively with the Central government.
- Disciplinary action against them can be taken only by the State government under which they are serving. is Incorrect: The State government has the power to suspend an AIS officer and initiate departmental inquiries, but it cannot take final disciplinary actions involving major penalties.
- They are appointed by the State government but trained by the Central government. is Incorrect: AIS officers are recruited by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and appointed by the President of India (Central government), not by the State government.
- They are permanent employees of the State government and cannot be transferred to the Centre. is Incorrect: Officers are allocated to a State cadre but are liable to serve under the Central government on deputation. They are not permanent employees of the State government in a manner that precludes transfer to the Centre.
Key Takeaway
Dual Control Mechanism: The State Government exercises immediate control (daily administration, suspension), whereas the Central Government retains ultimate control (appointment, removal, and dismissal) over All India Services officers.