The correct option is 1, 2 and 3.
Explanation
The system of Proportional Representation by means of the Single Transferable Vote (PR-STV) is an electoral method mandated by the Constitution of India for specific indirect elections. It ensures that the elected representatives reflect the preferences of the electorate proportionally, distinguishing it from the First-Past-The-Post (FPTP) system used in direct elections.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Item 1 is Correct: Article 55(3) of the Constitution stipulates that the election of the President shall be held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote, and the voting shall be by secret ballot.
- Item 2 is Correct: Article 66(1) mandates that the Vice President shall be elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of the members of both Houses of Parliament in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
- Item 3 is Correct: Article 80(4) provides that the representatives of each State in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) shall be elected by the elected members of the Legislative Assembly of the State in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
Key Takeaway:
The Single Transferable Vote (STV) system is exclusively used for the indirect elections of the President, Vice President, members of the Rajya Sabha, and members of State Legislative Councils. Elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies utilize the First-Past-The-Post system.