The correct option is Rakhigarhi.
Explanation
The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) extended across a vast geographical area comprising modern-day Pakistan and northwestern India. Key archaeological sites are distributed across Indian states such as Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh.
Option Analysis:
- Dholavira is incorrect: Dholavira is located in the Kutch district of Gujarat. It is renowned for its sophisticated water conservation system and unique tripartite city planning.
- Lothal is incorrect: Lothal is situated in the Bhal region of Gujarat. It is historically significant for its massive artificial dockyard, which facilitated maritime trade.
- Rangpur is incorrect: Rangpur is located in the Surendranagar district of Gujarat. It is a key site for understanding the transition from the mature to the late Harappan phase.
- Rakhigarhi is correct: Rakhigarhi is located in the Hisar district of Haryana. It is one of the largest metropolises of the Harappan civilization, with recent excavations indicating it covers a larger area than Mohenjo-Daro.
Key Takeaway: Rakhigarhi is a major Harappan site situated in the state of Haryana, whereas Dholavira, Lothal, and Rangpur are all located in the state of Gujarat.