The correct option is Banawali.
Explanation
The Harappan Civilization extended across the basins of the Indus River and the Ghaggar-Hakra river system (often identified with the Vedic Saraswati). Archaeological surveys indicate that a significant density of settlements was concentrated along the course of the now-dried Saraswati river rather than the Indus itself.
Option Analysis:
- Mohenjodaro is Incorrect: Mohenjodaro is located on the right bank of the Indus River in the Larkana district of Sindh, Pakistan.
- Harappa is Incorrect: Harappa is situated on the left bank of the Ravi River in the Sahiwal district of Punjab, Pakistan.
- Banawali is Correct: Banawali is located in the Hisar district of Haryana. It is situated on the left bank of the dried-up bed of the Saraswati River (part of the Ghaggar-Hakra system). This site shows evidence of both Pre-Harappan and Mature Harappan cultures.
- Lothal is Incorrect: Lothal is a prominent port city located near the Bhogavo River, a tributary of the Sabarmati, in the Gulf of Khambhat region of Gujarat.
Key Takeaway: Banawali is a key site located within the Saraswati (Ghaggar-Hakra) basin, distinguishing it geographically from the major Indus-based cities like Mohenjodaro and the Ravi-based city of Harappa.