Correct Option
The correct option is (d).
Explanation
Thorn Forests and Scrubs are characteristic of regions receiving less than 70 cm of rainfall. This vegetation type is prevalent in the semi-arid areas of north-western India, including parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana.
Analysis of Species
The vegetation in these forests consists primarily of thorny trees and bushes adapted to xerophytic (dry) conditions. The main plant species include:
- Acacias: These are dominant trees in arid landscapes, known for their deep root systems and small leaves (e.g., Babool, Kikar).
- Palms: Various species of wild palms (like Date Palms) are adapted to survive in low-moisture environments.
- Euphorbias: These are succulent plants often mistaken for cacti, capable of storing water in their stems.
- Cacti: These are quintessential xerophytes with modified leaves (spines) to reduce transpiration and succulent stems for water storage.
Therefore, all the listed species-Acacias, Palms, Euphorbias, and Cacti-are main components of Thorn Forests.
Key Takeaway
Thorn Forests are defined by rainfall below 70 cm and feature xerophytic vegetation such as Acacias, Palms, Euphorbias, and Cacti. These plants possess adaptations like long roots, succulent stems, and small or modified leaves to minimize water loss.