Which of the following phenomena is a direct result of the process of condensation?

Correct Option

The correct option is

The formation of water droplets on the outer surface of a cold glass.

Explanation

Condensation is the physical process wherein matter transitions from a gaseous state to a liquid state. In the context of the environment and the hydrological cycle, this occurs when water vapour in the atmosphere loses thermal energy (cools down) and converts into liquid water.

Option Analysis

• The drying of wet clothes in the wind. is Incorrect: The drying of wet clothes involves the conversion of liquid water into water vapour. This process is known as evaporation.
• The disappearance of water spilled on a floor. is Incorrect: The disappearance of water spilled on a floor is caused by evaporation, where liquid water absorbs heat from the surroundings and transitions into a gaseous state.
• The formation of water droplets on the outer surface of a cold glass. is Correct: When ambient air containing water vapour comes into contact with the cold surface of a glass, the vapour loses heat energy. This reduction in temperature causes the gas to change its state into liquid water droplets, which is the definition of condensation.
• The loss of water vapour from plant leaves. is Incorrect: The loss of water vapour from the aerial parts of plants (leaves) is a biological process known as transpiration.

Key Takeaway: Condensation is the reverse process of evaporation. It requires a loss of heat and is responsible for phenomena such as the formation of clouds, dew, and fog.