Correct Option
The correct option is Vacuoles : Turgidity and rigidity
Explanation
Eukaryotic cells contain specialized membrane-bound organelles, each performing distinct physiological functions such as energy production, synthesis of biomolecules, storage, and structural support. Correctly identifying these functions is essential for understanding cellular physiology.
Option Analysis
- (a) Leucoplasts : Photosynthesis - Incorrect
Leucoplasts are colorless plastids primarily responsible for the storage of nutrients. Based on the stored material, they are classified as amyloplasts (starch), elaioplasts (oils and fats), and aleuroplasts (proteins). Photosynthesis is the function of chloroplasts (plastids containing chlorophyll). - (b) Chloroplasts : Storage of starch and oils - Incorrect
Chloroplasts are green plastids containing chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Their primary function is to trap light energy for photosynthesis. The storage of starch and oils is the function of leucoplasts. - (c) Vacuoles : Turgidity and rigidity - Correct
In plant cells, vacuoles can occupy up to 90% of the cell volume. They contain cell sap (water, sap, excretory products, and other materials). The primary function of the central vacuole is to maintain turgor pressure against the cell wall, thereby providing turgidity and rigidity to the cell. - (d) SER : Synthesis of enzymes for digestion - Incorrect
The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is the major site for the synthesis of lipids and steroid hormones. It also assists in the detoxification of drugs and poisons. The synthesis of enzymes (which are proteins) occurs in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER), which has ribosomes attached to its surface. Digestive enzymes are specifically housed within lysosomes.
Key Takeaway
Vacuoles provide structural support (turgidity) in plants; Chloroplasts facilitate photosynthesis; Leucoplasts store nutrients; and the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) synthesizes lipids and detoxifies substances.