Which of the following pairs is correctly matched regarding water movement? 1. Infiltration : Seepage of rainwater into the ground 2. Runoff : Water flowing into drains from concrete roads 3. Precipitation : Water falling as rain or snow Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The correct option is 1, 2 and 3 . Explanation The fundamental processes within the hydrological cycle (water cycle), which describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. Statement-wise Analysis: - Statement 1 is Correct: Infiltration is defined as the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is the primary mechanism through which groundwater is recharged and soil moisture is replenished. - Statement 2 is Correct: Runoff (or surface runoff) is the flow of water that occurs when excess stormwater, meltwater, or other sources flow over the Earth's surface. This typically happens when the soil is saturated to full capacity or when the surface is impermeable, such as concrete roads, causing water to flow into drains rather than seeping into the ground. - Statement 3 is Correct: Precipitation refers to any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include rain, snow, sleet, and hail. Key Takeaway: The hydrological cycle relies on distinct physical processes: Precipitation delivers water to the surface, Infiltration moves water into the soil profile, and Runoff transports excess water across the surface to water bodies.

NCERT Class 6 Environment & Ecology — Chapter 1: Water

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Which of the following pairs is correctly matched regarding water movement?

Infiltration : Seepage of rainwater into the ground
Runoff : Water flowing into drains from concrete roads
Precipitation : Water falling as rain or snow

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1, 2 and 3
B1 and 2 only
C2 and 3 only
D1 and 3 only

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is

1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The fundamental processes within the hydrological cycle (water cycle), which describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.

Statement-wise Analysis:

Statement 1 is Correct: Infiltration is defined as the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is the primary mechanism through which groundwater is recharged and soil moisture is replenished.
Statement 2 is Correct: Runoff (or surface runoff) is the flow of water that occurs when excess stormwater, meltwater, or other sources flow over the Earth's surface. This typically happens when the soil is saturated to full capacity or when the surface is impermeable, such as concrete roads, causing water to flow into drains rather than seeping into the ground.
Statement 3 is Correct: Precipitation refers to any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

Key Takeaway:

The hydrological cycle relies on distinct physical processes: Precipitation delivers water to the surface, Infiltration moves water into the soil profile, and Runoff transports excess water across the surface to water bodies.

Your note

More from Chapter 1: Water

With reference to the process of evaporation in the water cycle, consider the following statements: 1. Evaporation of water can take place even in the shade. 2. Water vapour formed during evaporation carries dissolved salts with it into the atmosphere. 3. Warm air can provide the necessary heat for evaporation to occur in shaded areas. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

Which process explains the drying of a wet surface even in the absence of direct sunlight?

easy

Consider the following statements regarding the loss of water by plants: 1. Plants release water into the air through the process of condensation. 2. Plants release a significant amount of water into the air. 3. Transpiration plays a role in adding water vapour to the atmosphere. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

With reference to the sources of water vapour in the atmosphere, consider the following statements: 1. Water vapour is added to the air exclusively by the evaporation of water from oceans and lakes. 2. Evaporation from water bodies is a major source of water vapour in the air. 3. Transpiration by plants does not contribute to the water vapour in the air. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

easy

Consider the following statements regarding the rate of evaporation: 1. Evaporation is generally a slow process. 2. Evaporation occurs at the same rate in sunlight and in the shade. 3. Heating water on a burner increases the rate of evaporation. Which of the statements given above are correct?

easy

Keep practising Chapter 1: Water

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The correct option is

1, 2 and 3

Explanation

The fundamental processes within the hydrological cycle (water cycle), which describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.

Statement-wise Analysis:

Statement 1 is Correct: Infiltration is defined as the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is the primary mechanism through which groundwater is recharged and soil moisture is replenished.
Statement 2 is Correct: Runoff (or surface runoff) is the flow of water that occurs when excess stormwater, meltwater, or other sources flow over the Earth's surface. This typically happens when the soil is saturated to full capacity or when the surface is impermeable, such as concrete roads, causing water to flow into drains rather than seeping into the ground.
Statement 3 is Correct: Precipitation refers to any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

Key Takeaway: