Which of the following organisms typically reproduces through the process of budding?

The correct option is Hydra.

Explanation

Budding is a mode of asexual reproduction where a new individual develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one specific site. The new organism remains attached as it grows and separates from the parent organism only when it matures, leaving behind scar tissue.

Option Analysis

• Hydra is correct: Hydra reproduces through the process of budding. In Hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at a specific site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and, upon maturation, detach from the parent body to become independent organisms.
• Amoeba is incorrect: Amoeba typically reproduces through binary fission. In this process, the parent cell divides into two nearly equal halves, each of which grows into a new individual.
• Planaria is incorrect: Planaria is primarily known for reproduction via regeneration. If the organism is cut or broken into multiple pieces, each piece can grow into a complete organism.
• Spirogyra is incorrect: Spirogyra reproduces through fragmentation. Upon maturation, the filament breaks into smaller pieces or fragments, and each fragment grows into a new individual.

Key Takeaway: Budding is a distinct form of asexual reproduction characterized by the growth and detachment of a bud, commonly observed in Hydra and Yeast.