NCERT Class 10 Science — Chapter 3: How do Organisms Reproduce?

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In certain simple animals like Hydra, a reproductive outgrowth forms at one site and later detaches as an independent organism. This process is known as:

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

AMultiple fission
BBudding
CFragmentation
DRegeneration

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is Budding.

Explanation

Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring from a single parent without the fusion of gametes. Various organisms employ distinct mechanisms such as fission, budding, fragmentation, and regeneration based on their biological complexity.

Analysis of Options:

Budding Budding: This is the correct answer. In Hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and, when fully mature, detach from the parent body to become new independent individuals.
Fragmentation Fragmentation: This process involves the breaking of the parent body into distinct pieces or fragments, each of which grows into an adult organism. This is characteristic of organisms like Spirogyra.
Regeneration Regeneration: This is the ability of an organism to regrow lost parts or for a cut body part to develop into a complete organism (e.g., Planaria). While Hydra possesses high regenerative capacity, the specific reproductive method involving a distinct outgrowth is budding.
Multiple fission Multiple fission: This involves the division of the parent organism into many daughter cells simultaneously. It is commonly observed in protozoans like Plasmodium.

Key Takeaway: Budding is a specific mode of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site on the parent organism.

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More from Chapter 3: How do Organisms Reproduce?

With reference to vegetative propagation in plants, consider the following statements: 1. It can result in earlier flowering and fruiting than seed propagation. 2. It enables multiplication of plants that no longer produce seeds. 3. It helps maintain parental traits due to genetic similarity. 4. It is not used for grapes. Which of the statements given above are correct?

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Consider the following statements about the male reproductive tract: 1. The vas deferens enters the kidney directly. 2. The urethra serves as a common passage for sperm and urine. 3. Secretions from accessory glands make transport easier and provide nutrition. Which of the statements given above are correct?

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In human reproduction, fertilisation normally occurs at, and implantation occurs at, respectively:

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How many of the following are listed as bacterial sexually transmitted infections: gonorrhoea, syphilis, warts, HIV-AIDS?

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In which of the following organisms does the body break into fragments upon maturation, with each fragment growing into a new individual?

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The correct option is Budding.

Explanation

Analysis of Options:

Budding Budding: This is the correct answer. In Hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and, when fully mature, detach from the parent body to become new independent individuals.
Fragmentation Fragmentation: This process involves the breaking of the parent body into distinct pieces or fragments, each of which grows into an adult organism. This is characteristic of organisms like Spirogyra.
Regeneration Regeneration: This is the ability of an organism to regrow lost parts or for a cut body part to develop into a complete organism (e.g., Planaria). While Hydra possesses high regenerative capacity, the specific reproductive method involving a distinct outgrowth is budding.
Multiple fission Multiple fission: This involves the division of the parent organism into many daughter cells simultaneously. It is commonly observed in protozoans like Plasmodium.

Key Takeaway: Budding is a specific mode of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site on the parent organism.