Correct Option
The correct option isLeaves are broad and thin to maximize transpiration.
Explanation
Thorn Forests and Scrubs are characteristic of regions receiving less than 70 cm of rainfall, such as the semi-arid areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan, and parts of the Deccan Plateau. The vegetation consists primarily of xerophytic plants, which possess specific morphological adaptations to survive in water-scarce environments.
Option Analysis
- Trees are scattered. is a characteristic: Trees in these forests are scattered and do not form a closed canopy. This low density reduces competition for limited soil moisture.
- Roots penetrate deep into the soil to get moisture. is a characteristic: To secure water in arid conditions, the roots of these plants penetrate deep into the soil to tap into lower groundwater levels.
- Stems are succulent to conserve water. is a characteristic: Many plants in these regions have succulent stems. These fleshy stems are adapted to store water, allowing the plant to sustain itself during prolonged dry spells.
- Leaves are broad and thin to maximize transpiration. is NOT a characteristic: Broad and thin leaves maximize surface area, leading to higher rates of transpiration (water loss). In arid environments, plants need to minimize water loss. Consequently, leaves are typically thick, small, or modified into spines (thorns) to reduce the surface area exposed to the sun and limit transpiration.
Key Takeaway
Xerophytic adaptations in Thorn Forests include deep root systems for water absorption, succulent stems for storage, and modified leaves (spines) to minimize transpiration.