It is one of the eighteen biosphere reserves set up in the country.
Explanation
Biosphere Reserves (BRs) are large areas of bio-cultural landscapes designated to conserve biodiversity, promote sustainable development, and support logistic support for research and education. The Government of India has established 18 Biosphere Reserves, out of which 12 are recognized under the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR).Option-wise Analysis
- It is included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves. is Incorrect: While Seshachalam is a designated Biosphere Reserve by the Government of India (notified in 2010), it is not currently included in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves. As of the latest updates, only 12 of India's 18 BRs are part of the WNBR (the latest being Panna).
- It is one of the eighteen biosphere reserves set up in the country. is Correct: Seshachalam is one of the 18 Biosphere Reserves set up in India. It covers parts of the Chittoor and Kadapa districts in Andhra Pradesh.
- It is located in the Himalayas. is Incorrect: The Seshachalam Hills are part of the Eastern Ghats in Southern Andhra Pradesh, not the Himalayas. The terrain consists of hilly ranges with deep gorges and plateaus.
- It is famous for Lions. is Incorrect: Seshachalam is not famous for Lions; Asiatic Lions are endemic to the Gir National Park in Gujarat. Seshachalam is globally renowned for Red Sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus), a rare and endemic flora, and fauna such as the Slender Loris.
Key Takeaway: Seshachalam is the first Biosphere Reserve in Andhra Pradesh, located in the Eastern Ghats, and is critical for the conservation of Red Sanders. It is one of India's 18 national Biosphere Reserves but is not yet part of the UNESCO MAB programme.