The correct option is (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
Explanation
Apart from the major Peninsular river systems (like the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri), there are numerous smaller rivers flowing towards the east that drain directly into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers are distinct from tributaries of major river systems (such as the Ganga).
Statement-wise Analysis
- 1. Damodar: Incorrect. While the Damodar flows in an easterly direction through a rift valley, it is not an independent river flowing into the Bay of Bengal. It joins the Hooghly River (a distributary of the Ganga) near Kolkata. Therefore, it is classified under the Ganga drainage system rather than as an independent smaller east-flowing river.
- 2. Brahmani: Correct. The Brahmani is a major seasonal river in Odisha. It is formed by the confluence of the South Koel and Sankh rivers near Rourkela and flows directly into the Bay of Bengal.
- 3. Baitarni: Correct. The Baitarni originates from the Garhjat hills in the Keonjhar district of Odisha. It flows eastward and drains directly into the Bay of Bengal, often forming a common deltaic region with the Brahmani.
- 4. Subarnrekha: Correct. The Subarnrekha originates from the Ranchi Plateau. It flows through Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Odisha before draining independently into the Bay of Bengal.
Key Takeaway
The category of "Smaller Rivers Flowing Towards the East" typically refers to independent rivers discharging into the sea (e.g., Subarnrekha, Baitarni, Brahmani, Penner, Palar, Vaigai), distinguishing them from tributaries like the Damodar which join other major rivers.