Which flightless bird, native to Mauritius, became extinct due to human activity?

The correct option is Dodo.

Explanation

The question addresses the extinction of species caused by anthropogenic pressures. The Dodo is a prominent example of a species driven to extinction rapidly following human settlement in its habitat.

• Dodo is Correct: The Dodo (Raphus cucullatus) was a flightless bird endemic to the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. It became extinct in the late 17th century (around 1662) due to overhunting by sailors and the introduction of invasive species (such as rats, pigs, and monkeys) that preyed on its eggs and competed for food.
• Quagga is Incorrect: The Quagga was a subspecies of the plains zebra native to South Africa. It became extinct in the late 19th century due to excessive hunting. It was a mammal, not a bird.
• Emu is Incorrect: The Emu is a large flightless bird native to Australia. It is an extant species (currently living) and is not extinct.
• Kiwi is Incorrect: The Kiwi is a flightless bird endemic to New Zealand. While some species of Kiwi are endangered, the bird is not extinct.

Key Takeaway: The Dodo is an extinct flightless bird native to Mauritius, serving as a classic example of human-induced extinction caused by hunting and invasive species.