The correct option is Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Explanation
Pithora paintings are a ritualistic tribal art form, rather than merely decorative art. They are deeply rooted in the traditions of the Rathwa, Bhil, and Bhilala tribes. These paintings are executed on the walls of houses as an offering to Pithora Baba, the tribal deity of food and grains.
Geographical and Cultural Context:
- Region: The practice is predominantly found in the Chhota Udaipur region of Gujarat and extends into the adjacent tribal belts of Madhya Pradesh (Alirajpur and Jhabua districts) and parts of Rajasthan. Therefore, the option combining Rajasthan and Gujarat is the geographically correct choice among the alternatives.
- Characteristics: The central motif of Pithora paintings is the horse. The art is characterized by vibrant colors and depicts scenes from tribal mythology, daily life, and nature. The creation of the painting is a sacred vow (badha) fulfilled upon the realization of a wish.
- Distinction from other regions:
- Bihar and Bengal: Associated with Madhubani (Mithila) and Pattachitra/Kalighat paintings respectively.
- Maharashtra: Famous for Warli tribal paintings.
- Kerala and Tamil Nadu: Known for Kerala Murals and Tanjore paintings respectively.
Key Takeaway:
Pithora paintings are ritualistic wall murals centered around the deity Pithora Baba and characterized by horse motifs, practiced primarily by the Rathwa and Bhil tribes in Gujarat and bordering central Indian regions.