The correct option is (b).
Explanation
Garha Katanga was a rich and powerful Gond kingdom located in the central part of India (Gondwana). It is historically noted for its prosperity and the fierce resistance put up by Rani Durgavati against the Mughal forces during the reign of Akbar.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Silk Route connecting China to the West passed through Central Asia and the northern Himalayan regions, far from the central Indian location of Garha Katanga. The kingdom did not control international trade routes like the Silk Road.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The kingdom of Garha Katanga was renowned for its abundance of elephants. It earned significant wealth by trapping wild elephants from its forests and exporting them to other kingdoms. When the Mughals conquered Garha Katanga, they captured a vast booty consisting of precious coins and a large number of elephants.
Key Takeaway:
The economic prosperity of the Gond kingdom of Garha Katanga was primarily driven by the trade of wild elephants, which were a strategic military resource in medieval India.