Correct Option
The correct option is
A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
Explanation
Industries are classified based on ownership into four distinct categories: Private Sector, Public Sector, Joint Sector, and Cooperative Sector. This classification defines the entity responsible for ownership, management, and control of the industrial unit.
Statement-wise Analysis
- A. Cooperative Sector (Matches 4 – Anand Milk Union Limited): Cooperative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers, or both. Resources are pooled, and profits or losses are shared proportionately. Anand Milk Union Limited (AMUL) is the primary example of a cooperative industry in the dairy sector.
- B. Joint Sector (Matches 1 – Maruti Udyog Limited): Joint sector industries are managed jointly by the state and private individuals or a group of individuals. Maruti Udyog Limited is the standard academic example of the joint sector, historically established as a joint venture between the Government of India and Suzuki Motor Corporation.
- C. Public Sector (Matches 3 – Steel Authority of India Limited): Public sector industries are owned and operated by government agencies. Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) is a Central Public Sector Enterprise under the Ministry of Steel.
- D. Private Sector (Matches 2 – Tata Iron and Steel Company): Private sector industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals. Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO), now Tata Steel, is a major private sector entity.
Key Takeaway: The ownership-based classification distinguishes between state control (Public), individual control (Private), shared state-private control (Joint), and collective producer/worker control (Cooperative).