The correct option is A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
Explanation
The association of historical figures from the 18th and 19th centuries with their specific contributions, roles, or events during the consolidation of British rule in India.
- A. N.B. Halhed - 3. Translated the digest of Hindu laws into English: Nathaniel Brassey Halhed was a British orientalist and grammarian. In 1776, he translated a digest of Hindu laws (compiled by Sanskrit scholars at the behest of Warren Hastings) into English, titled A Code of Gentoo Laws. This was intended to assist British judges in understanding and administering Hindu personal law.
- B. Warren Hastings - 2. Impeached by the British Parliament: Warren Hastings served as the first Governor-General of Bengal. Upon his return to England, he faced impeachment proceedings initiated by Edmund Burke in the British Parliament between 1787 and 1795. He was accused of misconduct, corruption, and mismanagement during his tenure in India, though he was eventually acquitted.
- C. Rani Channamma - 1. Led resistance in Kitoor: Rani Channamma was the Queen of Kittur, a princely state in present-day Karnataka. In 1824, she led an armed rebellion against the British East India Company in response to their refusal to recognize her adopted heir, a precursor to the policy later formalized as the Doctrine of Lapse. She is celebrated as one of the earliest female rulers to resist British colonization.
- D. Maharaja Ranjit Singh - 4. Ruler of Punjab: Maharaja Ranjit Singh, known as the "Lion of Punjab" (Sher-e-Punjab), founded the Sikh Empire in the northwest Indian subcontinent in the early 19th century. He consolidated the various Sikh Misls and ruled the Punjab region until his death in 1839.
Key Takeaway: Warren Hastings was the only Governor-General to be impeached by the British Parliament. Rani Channamma of Kittur is a key figure in the early armed resistance against British annexation policies.