Correct Option
The correct option is A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
Explanation
Lakes in India are classified based on their origin and mode of formation. These include tectonic lakes formed by geological movements, lagoons formed by coastal processes, inland saltwater lakes formed by aeolian or drainage characteristics, and artificial reservoirs created by river damming.
Detailed Analysis
- A. Sambhar Lake (Matches 3): Sambhar Lake is India's largest inland saltwater lake, located in Rajasthan. It is an elliptical, shallow depression surrounded by the Aravalli hills and is a classic example of a centripetal drainage pattern in an arid region.
- B. Wular Lake (Matches 2): Located in Jammu and Kashmir, Wular Lake is one of the largest freshwater lakes in Asia. It was formed as a result of tectonic activity. The Jhelum River feeds into this lake, which acts as a natural flood reservoir for the Kashmir Valley.
- C. Guru Gobind Sagar (Matches 4): This is a massive artificial reservoir formed by the damming of rivers. Specifically, it was created by the construction of the Bhakra Dam on the Sutlej River in Himachal Pradesh.
- D. Chilika Lake (Matches 1): Chilika is the largest brackish water lagoon in Asia, located along the east coast of India in Odisha. It is separated from the Bay of Bengal by a sandy ridge and is a significant ecosystem for migratory birds.
Key Takeaway: Indian lakes vary significantly in origin: Wular is tectonic (freshwater), Sambhar is inland drainage (saltwater), Chilika is a coastal lagoon (brackish), and Guru Gobind Sagar is an artificial reservoir (dam-based).