Correct Option
The correct option is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
Explanation
This terminology associated with medieval tribal societies and regional kingdoms in India, specifically the Banjaras (nomads), the Ahoms (Assam), and the Gonds (Central India). These groups played significant roles in the social, economic, and political landscape during the medieval period.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- A. Tanda - 2. Caravan of Banjaras:
- Correct. The Banjaras were the most important trader-nomads in medieval India. Their caravan was called a Tanda.
- Sultan Alauddin Khalji used Banjaras to transport grain to city markets. Emperor Jahangir also recorded in his memoirs that Banjaras carried grain on their bullocks from different areas to sell in towns.
- B. Paik - 1. Forced labourer in Ahom state:
- Correct. The Ahom state (in present-day Assam) depended on forced labour. Those obliged to work for the state were called Paiks.
- A census of the population was taken, and each village had to send a specific number of Paiks by rotation. People were often shifted from heavily populated areas to less populated ones to maintain this system.
- C. Buranji - 4. Historical chronicle:
- Correct. Buranjis are a class of historical chronicles associated with the Ahom kingdom.
- They were originally written in the Ahom language and later in Assamese. They serve as crucial historical sources for understanding the region's past.
- D. Garh - 3. Administrative unit in Gond kingdom:
- Correct. The centralized Gond kingdom was divided into administrative units called Garhs.
- Each Garh was controlled by a particular Gond clan. The Garh was further divided into units of 84 villages called Chaurasi, which were subdivided into Barhots (made up of 12 villages each).
Key Takeaway:
Tanda refers to the caravan of the nomadic Banjaras; Paik was the system of forced state labour in the Ahom kingdom; Buranji refers to Ahom historical chronicles; and Garh was the primary administrative division in the Gond kingdom.