The correct option is The law made by the Union Government prevails..
Explanation
The legislative relationship between the Union and the States is governed by Articles 245 to 255 of the Constitution. Article 254 specifically addresses the Doctrine of Repugnancy, which resolves conflicts between Union and State laws regarding subjects enumerated in the Concurrent List (List III of the Seventh Schedule).
Detailed Analysis:
- General Rule (Article 254(1)): If a law made by the Legislature of a State is repugnant (inconsistent) with any provision of a law made by Parliament on a Concurrent List subject, the law made by Parliament prevails. The State law becomes void to the extent of the repugnancy. This applies regardless of whether the Parliamentary law was enacted before or after the State law.
- Exception (Article 254(2)): A State law may prevail over an earlier Union law only if it has been reserved for the consideration of the President and has received his assent. In such a case, the State law operates validly within that specific State.
- Parliamentary Supremacy: Even under the exception in Article 254(2), the Proviso allows Parliament to subsequently enact a law adding to, amending, varying, or repealing the State law.
Key Takeaway:
In the event of a conflict on a Concurrent List subject, the Constitution establishes the supremacy of Union law over State law, ensuring legal uniformity, unless the State law has secured Presidential assent.