In the context of Harappan domestic architecture at Mohenjodaro, which of the following is a distinctive feature of the residential buildings?

Correct Option

The correct option is Every house had its own bathroom paved with bricks..

Explanation

The residential architecture in the Lower Town of Mohenjodaro was characterized by a courtyard-centric layout. These structures demonstrated a high degree of urban planning, focusing specifically on privacy and sanitation.

Option Analysis:

• Large windows on the ground floor walls facing the street. is Incorrect: To maintain privacy, the ground-level walls of residential buildings did not have windows facing the main streets. Light and air generally entered through the doorways or the courtyard.
• The main entrance gave a direct view of the interior courtyard. is Incorrect: The main entrance was designed to prevent a direct view of the interior courtyard from the street. Entrances were often placed in side lanes or obstructed by a wall to ensure domestic privacy.
• Every house had its own bathroom paved with bricks. is Correct: A distinctive feature of Harappan housing was the presence of a dedicated bathroom in every house. These bathrooms were paved with bricks and had drains connected through the wall to the main street drains.
• Staircases were absent in all residential structures. is Incorrect: Remnants of staircases have been found in many residential structures, indicating that houses often had a second storey or provided access to the roof.

Key Takeaway:
Harappan domestic architecture is noted for its emphasis on privacy (absence of street-facing windows on the ground floor) and advanced sanitation (individual bathrooms with drainage connectivity).