Immediate dismissal from employment without notice.
Explanation
The unorganized sector is characterized by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. Employment in this sector is not secure, and workers do not enjoy the legal protections, formal contracts, or social security benefits available in the organized sector. Casual workers are often employed on a daily wage basis without permanent tenure.
Analysis:
- Mandatory arbitration by a labour union. is incorrect: Trade unions are generally absent or ineffective in the unorganized sector. Consequently, there are no formal mechanisms like mandatory arbitration to resolve disputes between workers and employers.
- Immediate dismissal from employment without notice. is correct: A defining characteristic of casual employment in the unorganized sector is the lack of job security. Workers can be asked to leave without any reason or notice. If workers complain about pay or working conditions, the most common and immediate consequence is dismissal, as there is a surplus of labor willing to work for low wages.
- Intervention by state labour welfare boards. is incorrect: While labour welfare boards exist in some states, the unorganized sector is defined by the lack of effective enforcement of government rules and regulations. Immediate state intervention is not a typical consequence of an individual worker's demand.
- Deduction of wages as a disciplinary measure. is incorrect: While wage deduction may occur, the ultimate and most prevalent threat used to suppress demands for better conditions in this sector is the termination of employment.
Key Takeaway:
Casual workers in the unorganized sector lack job security and legal protection; demanding better conditions typically results in immediate dismissal rather than negotiation or arbitration.