The uplifted block
Explanation
Block Mountains are structural landforms resulting from the faulting of the Earth's crust. This process involves the vertical displacement of large rock blocks due to tensile or compressive forces generated by endogenic movements.Analysis of Terms:
- Horst: This term refers to the uplifted block of the crust. It occurs when a central block is thrust upwards between two parallel faults, or when the surrounding blocks subside, leaving the central block elevated. Horsts typically form block mountains with flat tops and steep slopes (e.g., the Vosges Mountains in Europe).
- Graben: This refers to the lowered block that subsides between parallel faults. It typically forms a rift valley (e.g., the Rhine Valley).
Key Takeaway: In the context of block faulting, the Horst represents the uplifted block (mountain), while the Graben represents the lowered block (valley).