Correct Option
The correct option is (c) 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
Representative democracy is a system of government where citizens delegate their sovereign power to elected officials. These officials represent the people's interests and make legislative and executive decisions on their behalf, distinguishing this system from direct democracy.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: In a representative democracy, citizens do not govern directly. Instead, they participate in the political process indirectly by casting votes to choose representatives who exercise political power.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Representatives are selected through a process of elections, which are typically periodic, free, and fair. Hereditary succession is a feature of monarchies or aristocratic systems, not representative democracies.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The primary function of elected representatives is to assemble in a legislative body (such as a Parliament or Assembly). They deliberate, debate, and formulate laws and policies that govern the entire population.
Key Takeaway: The defining characteristic of a representative democracy is the indirect exercise of power by the people through elected officials, as opposed to hereditary rule or direct legislation by citizens.