The correct option is (b).
Explanation
The Sulaiman and Kirthar ranges are significant geographical features in the context of the Indian subcontinent's pre-history. They are associated with some of the earliest evidence of settled agriculture and village life during the Neolithic transition.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The Sulaiman and Kirthar hills are located in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent, primarily spanning present-day Pakistan (Balochistan and Sindh provinces). The hills located in the north-eastern part of the subcontinent include the Garo, Khasi, and Jaintia hills.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Archaeological evidence indicates that this region (specifically sites like Mehrgarh near the Bolan Pass) is where humans first began cultivating crops such as wheat and barley approximately 8000 years ago. This marks the beginning of the Neolithic age in this part of the world, characterized by the transition from hunting-gathering to agriculture and animal rearing.
Key Takeaway
The Sulaiman and Kirthar hills are located in the North-West of the Indian subcontinent and are historically significant for hosting the earliest evidence of wheat and barley cultivation (c. 8000 years ago).