Correct Option
The correct option is (a) 1 only.
Explanation
The Suffragette Movement refers to the campaign for women's right to vote, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While the broader movement included peaceful campaigners (suffragists), the term "suffragette" specifically refers to members of militant organizations like the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU).
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The term 'suffragette' is indeed derived from the word 'suffrage', which means the right to vote in political elections. The term was originally coined by the Daily Mail as a derogatory label for members of the WSPU, but the activists reclaimed it.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The movement was not supported by the government initially. Activists faced severe opposition, police brutality, and imprisonment. Many suffragettes were arrested for their actions and were treated as common criminals rather than political prisoners.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The Suffragette movement (as opposed to the peaceful Suffragists) was characterized by militant tactics. Under the leadership of figures like Emmeline Pankhurst, they adopted the motto "Deeds, not words." Their methods included breaking windows, arson, chaining themselves to railings, and hunger strikes, distinguishing them from the strictly peaceful constitutional methods of the suffragists.
Key Takeaway
Suffrage means the right to vote. The Suffragette Movement involved militant action and civil disobedience to secure voting rights for women, facing significant state repression and imprisonment.