Correct Option
The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
Geomorphic processes are broadly classified into endogenic (internal) and exogenic (external) forces. Weathering is the mechanical disintegration and chemical decomposition of rocks in situ (without significant movement). Erosion is a dynamic process that involves the acquisition and transportation of rock debris by geomorphic agents such as wind, water, and glaciers.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Weathering breaks down massive rock formations into smaller fragments and loosens the material. This reduces the cohesive strength of the rock, making it significantly easier for geomorphic agents to detach and transport the debris. Therefore, weathering aids and accelerates erosion.
- Statement 2 is Correct: While weathering often prepares rock materials for easier removal, it is not a strict pre-condition for erosion. Erosional agents possess sufficient kinetic energy to wear down unweathered, solid bedrock through processes such as abrasion, hydraulic action, and plucking. For instance, glaciers can erode bedrock directly without prior weathering.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Erosion is a fundamental exogenic process responsible for "degradation" (leveling down) of relief. It sculpts the landscape by creating valleys, gorges, and plains. Asserting that it has no significant impact contradicts the basic principles of geomorphology.
Key Takeaway
Weathering is a static process defined by in-situ disintegration, whereas Erosion is a dynamic process involving transport. While weathering facilitates erosion, erosion can occur independently on unweathered surfaces through mechanical force.