The correct option is 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Navdanya is a non-governmental organization (NGO) and movement focused on biodiversity conservation, organic farming, the rights of farmers, and the process of seed saving.
Statement 1 is Incorrect: Navdanya is not a government initiative. It is a non-governmental organization founded by Dr. Vandana Shiva in India. It operates as a network of seed keepers and organic producers aimed at protecting biological and cultural diversity.
Statement 2 is Correct: The movement advocates for agroecology and organic farming. It has demonstrated through practice that diversified crop production, which relies on biodiversity rather than synthetic chemicals (fertilizers and pesticides), is not only ecologically sustainable but also economically viable for farmers. It emphasizes that organic farming can produce high yields and nutrition per acre.
Statement 3 is Correct: Navdanya is fundamentally a movement associated with farmers' networks and citizens' groups. It has helped set up community seed banks and trained farmers in seed sovereignty and sustainable agriculture. It represents a collective effort of civil society rather than a top-down bureaucratic scheme.
Key Takeaway: Navdanya is an NGO-led movement founded by Vandana Shiva, focusing on biodiversity, organic farming, and seed sovereignty, distinct from government-run forest conservation schemes.