The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
The Satavahana dynasty, which ruled over parts of the Deccan and central India, is noted for its unique social customs regarding naming conventions and the status of women, as evidenced by epigraphic records.
- Statement 1 is Correct: Inscriptions from the Satavahana period show that many women, particularly queens, had names derived from Vedic gotras. Common examples include Gautami (derived from the Gotama gotra) and Vasisthi (derived from the Vasistha gotra). This is famously reflected in the metronymics of rulers such as Gautamiputra Satakarni (son of Gautami) and Vasisthiputra Pulumavi (son of Vasisthi).
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The retention of these specific names indicates that these queens retained their father's gotra even after marriage. Under standard Brahmanical norms (exogamy), a woman is expected to adopt her husband's gotra upon marriage. The fact that Satavahana queens kept names like Gautami and Vasisthi suggests they did not switch to their husband's gotra, implying a practice of endogamy or a variation from strict Brahmanical rules within the royal family.
Key Takeaway: While Satavahana rulers used metronymics (names derived from their mothers), succession to the throne was patrilineal. The queens retained their paternal gotras after marriage, contrary to the Brahmanical norm of adopting the husband's gotra.