The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only
Explanation
Under the
74th Constitutional Amendment Act (1992), Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) are classified based on the size and character of the urban area. The three main categories are
Municipal Corporations (large urban areas),
Municipal Councils (smaller urban areas), and
Nagar Panchayats (transitional areas).
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. A Municipal Council (Nagar Palika) is constituted for smaller urban areas or towns. The governing body for big cities with large populations and high revenue is the Municipal Corporation.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The Municipal Council performs functions similar to those of a Municipal Corporation (e.g., public health, sanitation, water supply, lighting) but on a smaller scale, commensurate with the size and resources of the town.
- Statement 3 is Correct. While the political head of the Council is the elected President/Chairman, the administrative machinery is headed by an Executive Officer (or Chief Municipal Officer). This officer is appointed by the State Government and is responsible for the day-to-day administration, similar to the role of the Municipal Commissioner in a Corporation.
Key Takeaway
Municipal Corporations are for big cities and are administratively headed by a
Commissioner.
Municipal Councils are for towns and are administratively headed by an
Executive Officer. Both officers are state-appointed.