The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
A kaleidoscope is an optical instrument that creates beautiful, symmetrical patterns. It operates on the principle of multiple reflections, where light reflects repeatedly off inclined mirrors to produce complex images.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The kaleidoscope works on the principle of multiple reflection, not refraction. When light enters the tube, it reflects off the mirrors placed inside, creating duplicate images of the objects (such as coloured glass pieces) located at one end.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Because the loose coloured objects inside the kaleidoscope shift with every movement, the resulting patterns are rarely repeated. Designers of wallpapers, fabrics, and artists frequently use kaleidoscopes to get ideas for new, unique patterns.
- Statement 3 is Correct: A standard kaleidoscope consists of three rectangular mirror strips. These strips are joined at their long edges to form a triangular prism, typically with the reflecting surfaces facing inward at an angle of 60 degrees to each other.
Key Takeaway: A kaleidoscope uses three inclined plane mirrors to generate symmetrical patterns through the phenomenon of multiple reflection.