The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Image formation by a plane mirror is based on the laws of reflection. The image produced is virtual, erect, and maintains specific geometric relationships with the object regarding size and distance.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The image formed by a plane mirror is virtual. Virtual images are formed when light rays appear to diverge from a point behind the mirror but do not actually meet. Since the light rays do not physically intersect at the image point, the image cannot be projected or obtained on a screen.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: In the case of a plane mirror, the image is formed at a distance behind the mirror that is exactly equal to the distance of the object in front of it. The image distance is not greater than the object distance.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The image undergoes lateral inversion, a phenomenon where the left side of the object appears as the right side of the image and vice versa. This is a characteristic property of reflection by plane mirrors.
Key Takeaway:
Images formed by plane mirrors are characterized by being virtual, erect, laterally inverted, of the same size as the object, and equidistant from the mirror as the object.