The correct option is (d).
Explanation
The concept of social justice in the Indian Constitution is primarily embedded in the Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV). It mandates the State to function as a Welfare State, ensuring the protection of vulnerable sections and regulating economic activities to prevent exploitation.- Statement 1 is Correct: To ensure social justice, the government is constitutionally mandated to enact appropriate legislation that safeguards the interests of weaker sections of society. This aligns with Article 38 (promoting the welfare of the people) and Article 46 (promoting the educational and economic interests of weaker sections).
- Statement 2 is Correct: Legislative measures remain ineffective without robust implementation. The executive branch must enforce laws strictly to ensure compliance, deter violations, and uphold the rule of law, which is a prerequisite for actualizing social justice.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Under Article 39(c), the State is directed to ensure that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth to the common detriment. Regulating private entities (e.g., through minimum wage acts, safety standards, and anti-monopoly laws) is essential to prevent unfair practices and exploitation of the workforce.
Key Takeaway: The realization of social justice requires a tripartite approach involving the enactment of protective laws, strict enforcement mechanisms, and the regulation of private economic activities to prevent exploitation.