Correct Option
The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
The coastal plains of India are divided into the Western Coastal Plains and the Eastern Coastal Plains. These two regions differ significantly in their geomorphological processes, width, and drainage patterns due to the nature of the coastline (submerged versus emergent).
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Eastern Coastal Plain is an example of an emergent coast. Emergent coasts are formed either by the uplift of the land or the lowering of the sea level. Consequently, the continental shelf extends far into the sea, making the plains broader compared to the western coast.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The rivers flowing through the Eastern Coastal Plain form well-developed, extensive deltas. Major rivers such as the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri have formed large deltas along this coast. In contrast, the rivers on the Western Coast generally form estuaries, not deltas.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Due to its emergent nature, the sea is shallow near the Eastern Coast, and the continental shelf is very wide. This makes it difficult for ships to approach the coast, resulting in fewer natural ports and harbours. The Western Coastal Plain, being a submerged coast, provides deep natural water conditions favorable for the development of natural ports and harbours.
Key Takeaway
Key Takeaway: The Eastern Coastal Plain is an emergent coast characterized by a wide continental shelf and large deltas, making it less suitable for natural harbours. The Western Coastal Plain is largely a submerged coast, ideal for natural ports and characterized by estuaries.