The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The Braille system is a tactile reading and writing method used by visually impaired persons. It relies on raised dots arranged in specific cells to convey information.
Statement 1 is Correct:
The system was developed by Louis Braille, a visually challenged person himself. According to standard academic texts (such as NCERT), he developed and published this system in 1821 (though the full system was refined and published later in 1829). The present system was formally adopted in 1932.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The Braille system is based on a cell of six dots arranged in two columns of three dots each. This arrangement allows for a total of 63 dot patterns or characters ($2^6 - 1$, excluding the empty cell), not 108.
Statement 3 is Correct:
In the Braille system, each distinct pattern or character represents a specific letter of the alphabet, a combination of letters, a common word, or a grammatical sign. Dots are raised slightly so they can be recognized by touch.
Key Takeaway:
Standard Braille utilizes a 6-dot cell configuration, resulting in 63 possible characters representing letters, words, and signs.