The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
Gaganendranath Tagore (1867-1938) was a pioneering figure of the Bengal School of Art. Unlike many of his contemporaries who focused on reviving classical Indian styles, Gaganendranath was a modernist who experimented with European art movements, particularly Cubism and Futurism, blending them with Indian themes.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Gaganendranath Tagore is widely recognized for adopting the visual language of Cubism in the 1920s. He utilized the interplay of light and shadow (chiaroscuro) along with fragmented, multi-layered planes to render his ideas, creating a style often described as "Prismatic" or "Cubist."
- Statement 2 is Correct: His paintings were not strictly realistic landscapes devoid of architecture. On the contrary, he is famous for his architectural compositions and mysterious interiors. His works often featured staircases, temples, and fantastical buildings constructed through geometric planes and light, rather than realistic outdoor scenery.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Since his style was heavily influenced by Cubism, he did not reject geometrical forms. Instead, he extensively used geometrical forms, intersecting planes, and crystalline structures to build his compositions.
Key Takeaway:
Gaganendranath Tagore was the first Indian artist to experiment with Cubism and geometrical abstraction, distinguishing his work from the lyrical and revivalist styles of the broader Bengal School.