The correct option is S.H. Raza.
Explanation
Modern Indian art, particularly under the influence of the Progressive Artists' Group (PAG), saw a significant shift towards abstraction and the incorporation of indigenous philosophical concepts into visual language. The use of geometric symbolism derived from Tantric thought became a defining characteristic for certain artists in the 1970s.
Detailed Analysis:
- S.H. Raza (Correct): Syed Haider Raza was a founding member of the Progressive Artists' Group. In the 1970s, his style shifted from expressionist landscapes to geometric abstraction. He adopted the 'Bindu' (the black dot) as a central motif, representing the seed of creation, the origin of life, and the cosmos in Indian philosophy. The painting 'Ma' (1972) is a seminal work from this period, featuring the Bindu and often incorporating Devanagari script to symbolize the concept of the "Mother" or origin.
- V.S. Gaitonde: While a master of abstract art, Gaitonde is best known for his monochromatic, non-objective paintings that focus on light and texture. His style is meditative and minimalist, distinct from the geometric Tantric symbolism of Raza.
- Akbar Padamsee: A contemporary of Raza, Padamsee is renowned for his 'Metascapes' (landscapes without specific geography) and 'Mirror Images'. He did not focus on the Bindu motif.
- Tyeb Mehta: Mehta is famous for his 'Diagonal' series, which used a diagonal line to fracture the canvas, and for works depicting falling figures or mythological subjects like Mahishasura. His style is characterized by flat areas of color and structured composition, not the Bindu.
Key Takeaway:
S.H. Raza is the modern Indian artist definitively associated with the 'Bindu' motif and the integration of Tantric geometric symbolism into abstract art.