The correct option is (a).
Explanation
The Earth is mapped using a grid of imaginary lines known as latitudes (parallels) and longitudes (meridians). The Antarctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude relevant to Earth's geography and solar relationship.Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Antarctic Circle is located in the Southern Hemisphere. It marks the northern limit of the Southern Frigid Zone.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The angular value of the Antarctic Circle is approximately 66½° S. The value 23½° S corresponds to the Tropic of Capricorn.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The Antarctic Circle is a parallel of latitude. Latitudes run east-west parallel to the Equator, while meridians of longitude run north-south connecting the poles.
Key Takeaway: The Antarctic Circle (66½° S) is a parallel of latitude in the Southern Hemisphere, distinct from the Tropic of Capricorn (23½° S) and meridians of longitude.