Correct Option
The correct option is A-3, B-2, C-1
Explanation
The Earth is divided into distinct heat zones based on the angle of the sun's rays and latitude. These zones-Torrid, Temperate, and Frigid-receive varying amounts of solar insolation, which dictates their general climatic conditions.
Statement-wise Analysis
- A. Torrid Zone matches with 3 (Maximum heat):
The Torrid Zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer ($23.5^\circ$ N) and the Tropic of Capricorn ($23.5^\circ$ S). In this region, the mid-day sun is exactly overhead at least once a year on all latitudes. Since the sun's rays fall vertically, this zone receives the maximum amount of heat.
- B. Temperate Zone matches with 2 (Sun never shines overhead):
The Temperate Zones are located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere, and between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere. In these zones, the mid-day sun never shines exactly overhead on any latitude. The angle of the sun's rays decreases as one moves towards the poles, resulting in moderate temperatures.
- C. Frigid Zone matches with 1 (Sun does not rise much above the horizon):
The Frigid Zones lie between the Arctic Circle ($66.5^\circ$ N) and the North Pole, and between the Antarctic Circle ($66.5^\circ$ S) and the South Pole. In these regions, the sun does not rise much above the horizon. The rays are always slanting and provide very little heat, keeping the region permanently cold.
Key Takeaway
Latitudinal Heat Zones: The curvature of the Earth causes the amount of solar energy received to vary by latitude. The Torrid Zone receives vertical rays (max heat), the Temperate Zone receives slanting rays (moderate heat), and the Frigid Zone receives extremely slanting rays (minimum heat).